![]() ![]() The relationship between color and season distinguishes poison ivy from other plants like boxelder, which looks similar but is green in spring. Such learning problems are challenging because similar conjunctions of features can require different responses or elicit different predictions about future events. Responses and predictions also depend on the status of other features or context. In such problems, simple feature-response learning is insufficient and representations that include multiple features (e.g., leaf shape, color, and season) must be learned. Learning in the brain operates over qualitatively distinct representations depending on brain system 1. Theoretical and empirical work suggest the hippocampus rapidly forms conjunctive representations of arbitrary sets of co-occurring features 2, making the hippocampus critical for episodic memory 3. ![]() During the encoding of conjunctive representations, hippocampal computations establish a minimal representational overlap between traces of events with partially shared features, in a process called pattern separation 4, 5.
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